All the creation, including the human souls and everything else, be it visible or invisible, belongs to one creator. He's "Allah" as the Arabic goes, "God" how English goes.
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He, with all his mighty, is one. Has no counterpart.
That's one of many essences of the Message.
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FIRST: The Message
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Wanting his creation to know the truth and abandon paganism and other abominations,
Allah has sent thousands of Prophets for different peoples. Each of which called for monotheism, and a CREED that puts the audience in front of the truth: They are all servants of God, and their life is actually a test to see how they will act with brain that knows, free will and a heart that feels.
The messangers were given miracles to prove they are real Prophets, like Prophet Musa (Moses) and his ability to turn a stick into snake, and the well known story of dividing the sea into two.
And either by Holy books or full religions (such as Judaism and Christianity), the calling for monotheism، trusted social system and informing the heedlessness of Afterlife were partially the norm.
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Islam itself was completed before around 1400 years, with the last Prophet of them all: Mohammed Peace be upon him.
That period witnessed the shaping of Islam as we know it today; with the prayers, prohibitions and permissions, rightious holy book that contains stories from the old era, Prophecy (the end of times has special signs) and verses that were sent by God to Prophet Mohammed by Gabriel the angel or spiritual knowledge.
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By Quran (the holy book) as his miracle, Prohphet Mohammed challenges his infidel people to come up with something similiar to the Quran, they couldn't do so.
And so, Prophet Mohammed kept calling his people at Mecca (a city in Saudi Arabia currently) for Islam, only to get attacked over and over.
But the end of the day, he won. And took over Mecca after the success of his message, only to forgive his yesterday's oppressors.
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That was just a sample of the history of the message, eventually, the Muslims entered many conquests and spred Islam east and west through four main Caliphates (something similiar to empires).
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Secondly: The Caliphates
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1- The Rashideyyah Caliphate: The closist companion of Prophet Mohammed, Abu Bakr Al siddiq, who helped the Prophet during his life, was chosen the lead the State (literally the Caliphate) And the first thing he did was fighting the ones who converted from Islam after the death of the Prophet. Later, he managed the state according to the rules of Islam and the Quran (something like:
"Throw the seeds upon the mounts so no one could say: A bird is hungry in the lands of Muslims!".
-Umar Ibn Al Khattab, the second Caliph of the Rashideyyah Caliphate.
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2- The Umayyad Caliphate: became more of a political state than a religious one.
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3- The Abbasid Caliphate: Hiring ministers and the born of ministry.
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4- The Ottoman empire: The longest Caliphate rule, reduced to Turkey in our day, expanded the Islamic authority to parts of Europe and many in Arabian lands (By the way, spreading the word of God needs conquests, and Islamic ones were peaceful and filled with the values of coexistence but with extra taxes).
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Thirdly: The Five Pillars of Islam
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Islam has Five pillars that identify one's believement.
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1- The two testimonies of faith: By saying "There's no God but Allah, and Mohammed is his Prophet", you become a Muslim, this declaration reflects God's mercy as it's easy to convert. But remember the will come from the heart, which leads me to what is called "Neyya" in Arabic (Will from willingness in English). Just have the will and achieve.
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2- Praying: 5 prayers a day keeps the evil away! It's a group of acts and teachings in order to be close from God and please him, which lead to a happy life.
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3- Fasting: Muslims fast in the holy month of Ramadan, and other days as a religious duty (except for Mondays and thursdays those are not obligations).
The wisedom of God is to make his servants feel the poor and make themselves stronger against the inner attractions.
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4- Charity (Zakah): 2.5% from your money belongs to the poor. If you donated 5 out of 10 dollars you will be rewarded more than someone who donates 200.000 dollars out of billion dollars.
Your entire wealth is a gift from God, but don't forget those in need.
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5- Pilgrim: Doing a Pilgrim to Mecca at least one in a lifetime.
Of course, those who can't are forgiven.
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That was a simple article about an Invitation to the glorious religion of Islam.
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