
好喇而家就講埋俾斯麥點解要開切餅大會175Please respect copyright.PENANAbHwpDDUMlt
正如上面所講175Please respect copyright.PENANAe8dTaSV7Bl
德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒175Please respect copyright.PENANASRXAatkdnG
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍175Please respect copyright.PENANAbBmiQRHbzl
規模實在太細175Please respect copyright.PENANAKsEvXOi5ge
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展175Please respect copyright.PENANAHJ7danfh1t
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊175Please respect copyright.PENANA7mVFMIrrF3
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指175Please respect copyright.PENANARFxCcOz2xM
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號175Please respect copyright.PENANAs1FNAVU9Mn
就係由普魯士嘅船廠製造㗎喇175Please respect copyright.PENANAE6W9LdjHyh
個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因175Please respect copyright.PENANAUVHxRwOLh8
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展175Please respect copyright.PENANAsUCSx4m8l1
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭175Please respect copyright.PENANAtYj03smaar
例如喺1867年尾175Please respect copyright.PENANAJr6IKXxKmR
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥175Please respect copyright.PENANAlRFxaB34MN
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港175Please respect copyright.PENANA93cafJCX5O
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停175Please respect copyright.PENANAZKu8VYGGkI
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國175Please respect copyright.PENANAH1e7XVQi7u
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)175Please respect copyright.PENANA0NjJfe7MZK
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚175Please respect copyright.PENANANUyrsk9FxB
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國175Please respect copyright.PENANARQJkEhO5bM
以德國個地理位置175Please respect copyright.PENANAvtKlLs1pnm
發展遠洋艦隊175Please respect copyright.PENANAybqkiJRcB3
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源175Please respect copyright.PENANAC1ZFPUmyFW
冇強大嘅海軍175Please respect copyright.PENANAC0GL7nXoZj
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人175Please respect copyright.PENANAW2J08wVJaa
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦175Please respect copyright.PENANApLiqGgLBjS
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往175Please respect copyright.PENANAbBplG4gD60
喺1860年代中期開始175Please respect copyright.PENANAeu9vJX6AIS
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後175Please respect copyright.PENANAvKhL073wW6
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情175Please respect copyright.PENANATFzleVZZfa
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團175Please respect copyright.PENANAslC17ksCfo
諗住入去分一杯羹175Please respect copyright.PENANAQc6aQMFxn9
傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國175Please respect copyright.PENANAAgM2sCTiSb
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國175Please respect copyright.PENANAtPLL83goQK
因為有國家機器加持175Please respect copyright.PENANAf5y3qOuTIm
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦175Please respect copyright.PENANAuwTn6Zh57r
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇175Please respect copyright.PENANAYU1q61p5Oo
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中175Please respect copyright.PENANA2KjzbxER3r
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動175Please respect copyright.PENANAE2Mp1K8tvL
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好175Please respect copyright.PENANAU5OLGUWKFs
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場175Please respect copyright.PENANAn7zOkioSHz
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦175Please respect copyright.PENANAWwc0fZfgJF
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後175Please respect copyright.PENANAeZw7HFb8mo
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟175Please respect copyright.PENANAY7lthzpVcR
而德奧意三國同盟175Please respect copyright.PENANAfIO9zxQOsU
以及三帝同盟續期175Please respect copyright.PENANAPjFGUzrMZa
為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎175Please respect copyright.PENANAawMQLo3r3e
至少係表面上啦175Please respect copyright.PENANAQNcY2dQ7j9
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄175Please respect copyright.PENANAQDYicxvhxQ
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇175Please respect copyright.PENANAMQxS6TcYOM
另一方面175Please respect copyright.PENANAWewJiZx6T0
英法喺會上嘅枱底交易175Please respect copyright.PENANAl8xjaVd5cw
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點175Please respect copyright.PENANALs6J8L4K2k
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上175Please respect copyright.PENANAVxN1BRjiYb
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同175Please respect copyright.PENANApfiCtcMpWL
呢啲殖民地爭議175Please respect copyright.PENANAyZQZ1FtVvb
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫175Please respect copyright.PENANAa8CJrNjkag
德國要參與其中175Please respect copyright.PENANAGgr21c0Ms2
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話175Please respect copyright.PENANA3oyEkKHPaU
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠175Please respect copyright.PENANAy76kcxZfXA
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手175Please respect copyright.PENANASgn8apVX1d
先可以埋枱玩175Please respect copyright.PENANAnJcUHIUdtT
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張175Please respect copyright.PENANASP5pECzLKr
喺1880年尾開始175Please respect copyright.PENANAuVpdWYkrrR
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構175Please respect copyright.PENANAhdR2gM1c6X
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見175Please respect copyright.PENANADHs8HFfIMw
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀175Please respect copyright.PENANAWuI044RKuz
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;175Please respect copyright.PENANAM2psll2DiM
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅175Please respect copyright.PENANAYzkYIXA52L
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔175Please respect copyright.PENANAb0n1yUYFBO
於是德國喺一年間175Please respect copyright.PENANAIZ1jPcRmRA
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁175Please respect copyright.PENANAG3gsEKPLFO
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫175Please respect copyright.PENANAtZa5BYVSo3
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度175Please respect copyright.PENANA1dccSN1EZc
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權175Please respect copyright.PENANAfxNhI5kg0d
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫175Please respect copyright.PENANATVOGu6xoFs
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇175Please respect copyright.PENANAyFw8exPbEa
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅175Please respect copyright.PENANAk9FAyZNCBf
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話175Please respect copyright.PENANAZX6pPcrCQi
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務175Please respect copyright.PENANA7CatTYkYF3
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店175Please respect copyright.PENANAVngbvDGQNY
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上175Please respect copyright.PENANA8xEjw9NfjC
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅175Please respect copyright.PENANA7Lc1yqITsB
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國175Please respect copyright.PENANAKShFOwxUUc
而係啲私人企業175Please respect copyright.PENANAZU10f4T81Q
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦175Please respect copyright.PENANAgiNHDrk26t
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇175Please respect copyright.PENANADKg2dTSnbO
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大175Please respect copyright.PENANAH6Gjbkvkzb
佢要嘅效果175Please respect copyright.PENANAMzNmlC4KRU
就係用最低成本175Please respect copyright.PENANAQfRoUpJ76P
令德國喺短時間內175Please respect copyright.PENANAGgGwzhgvjo
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地175Please respect copyright.PENANAtb1mEnZFkY
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽175Please respect copyright.PENANATWIOgOcpYY
德國作為老三要做嘅175Please respect copyright.PENANAShWnnWEqqw
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力175Please respect copyright.PENANADxDo2fHH5i
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗175Please respect copyright.PENANA7WhvuULBe3
自己喺歐陸先會安穩175Please respect copyright.PENANADqU2C6x3b5
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇175Please respect copyright.PENANAiljhg4m9RR
而家就爭咁張賭枱175Please respect copyright.PENANAFjMtmO9WKv
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合175Please respect copyright.PENANAKQ3xHX04F4
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中175Please respect copyright.PENANAVAxneAUctF
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議175Please respect copyright.PENANAQPwSxpbCxj
有越演越烈嘅趨勢175Please respect copyright.PENANAjV33KegQIz
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙175Please respect copyright.PENANA54nREJ8ic0
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟175Please respect copyright.PENANA7ZDaKGV395
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議175Please respect copyright.PENANAQNvdb5uLp7
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地175Please respect copyright.PENANAl2QSplXb4P
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)175Please respect copyright.PENANAj9QOh8ZbK7
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整175Please respect copyright.PENANA4DEGaEM1ry
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點175Please respect copyright.PENANAo5h8WA0YsZ
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你175Please respect copyright.PENANAKwuPRvcg49
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟175Please respect copyright.PENANAGWMAoKcdmk
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓175Please respect copyright.PENANAdd4mYd9w8Y
都紛紛嚮應175Please respect copyright.PENANANxdM7KoJUI
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸175Please respect copyright.PENANAZ4vdJkPzYZ
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家175Please respect copyright.PENANA5WWF4sL8hu
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織175Please respect copyright.PENANAIkkQVjain7
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)175Please respect copyright.PENANAPyP3WpfBwr
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別175Please respect copyright.PENANAUV7KmUoYEH
嗰時冇飛機175Please respect copyright.PENANA2zN5tEyIvE
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會175Please respect copyright.PENANAoWH5dqCqT1
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事175Please respect copyright.PENANAXIaKRHT8iJ
好似上次柏林會議175Please respect copyright.PENANAk49Qwh1YzD
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人175Please respect copyright.PENANAEqFZvBj0Po
相反今次嚟開會嘅175Please respect copyright.PENANArnaXes3VhK
都係各國駐柏林大使175Please respect copyright.PENANAKimneqAOo2
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅175Please respect copyright.PENANAN47789cyuu
每當要決定某啲事務時175Please respect copyright.PENANAwK40pJEgGW
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首175Please respect copyright.PENANAVGNJGXoHeD
所以個會都拖到幾長吓175Please respect copyright.PENANAiKmpleoh5H
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假175Please respect copyright.PENANADX9zjw1J7y
總共開咗104日175Please respect copyright.PENANAv1mRr86IeD
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結175Please respect copyright.PENANA8Y0KYOtXjd
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)175Please respect copyright.PENANAZ0d8DahpPD
咁從側面反映175Please respect copyright.PENANAu547nO3Ja2
喺嗰時對各國嚟講175Please respect copyright.PENANAiRW7G08LJy
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大175Please respect copyright.PENANA9BTlR7MvIG
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:175Please respect copyright.PENANAFzh6jSL6Uc
1)剛果盆地歸屬175Please respect copyright.PENANAaw5NUVXoF3
2)兩大水系(尼日河同剛果河)航權175Please respect copyright.PENANAI4ONnWTvDi
3)何謂“有效佔據”175Please respect copyright.PENANAudtGK8zhrO
關於第一個問題175Please respect copyright.PENANAoeTWzQNFmB
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓175Please respect copyright.PENANA4cE4G589Th
我就唔係呢度重覆喇175Please respect copyright.PENANAfZzSj2TN8b
簡單重溫吓175Please respect copyright.PENANA1mlKgcJF2u
當時各國已經知道175Please respect copyright.PENANAF5DWGq6nPH
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼175Please respect copyright.PENANAQa5ZUSBWhb
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇175Please respect copyright.PENANA3qYS4SEZCl
不過基於勢力平衡關係175Please respect copyright.PENANA1RfTMUMTHs
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地175Please respect copyright.PENANAVPEMSgI742
對各國都有好處175Please respect copyright.PENANAkB9eTMVqWG
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作175Please respect copyright.PENANADZBFW5BQf3
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫175Please respect copyright.PENANA2iXNbJUQVg
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果175Please respect copyright.PENANAzjJgrPjrn8
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸175Please respect copyright.PENANAJCcTPOZiDF
而北岸就歸法國所有175Please respect copyright.PENANAr7QHeE0Rdl
就係咁175Please respect copyright.PENANAQPnXRnHFeT
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯175Please respect copyright.PENANAJA9geEZpON
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先175Please respect copyright.PENANATtRyXP0Scq
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議175Please respect copyright.PENANAPXlKQNziDi
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇175Please respect copyright.PENANAFULoyQkypa
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議175Please respect copyright.PENANAZFrb4kYK4k
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯175Please respect copyright.PENANAfaNMaL2x7a
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先175Please respect copyright.PENANARxkKdHpO3d
唔使咁心急住175Please respect copyright.PENANA4fmSmV9Ne5
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇175Please respect copyright.PENANA3QacFBymcI
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題175Please respect copyright.PENANAp0FiLhyeMz
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河175Please respect copyright.PENANA0da1wIUnkq
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道175Please respect copyright.PENANA51pB0jU9DF
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題175Please respect copyright.PENANA2uzp8qyTbR
其實就相對簡單175Please respect copyright.PENANAzBtwNSKYvu
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易175Please respect copyright.PENANAuZXPOxDrfX
所以航行自由係必須嘅175Please respect copyright.PENANA59nTkon9Rb
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地175Please respect copyright.PENANAIcBvm1KNPn
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益175Please respect copyright.PENANAYzeK6l49v4
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯175Please respect copyright.PENANAnAWzZqwawR
得得得你坐番低先175Please respect copyright.PENANAGxoUPvEnzO
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據175Please respect copyright.PENANAHxjhh0sjSs
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題175Please respect copyright.PENANAso3sywKHh9
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法175Please respect copyright.PENANAQDJhXr6ofc
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後175Please respect copyright.PENANAN663cRvPMk
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔175Please respect copyright.PENANAwwpiTfnvP1
嗰度就歸佢175Please respect copyright.PENANAtYnXnXycYj
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地175Please respect copyright.PENANAD73i2o5vzX
對後來者其實相當唔公平175Please respect copyright.PENANAJCVSwYqwGa
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘175Please respect copyright.PENANAVVpVbpNWw9
並顯示對當地有實質控制175Please respect copyright.PENANA1H8RZ0MTcO
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等175Please respect copyright.PENANAMbd1T2VtZw
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國175Please respect copyright.PENANAXpORm6jXB3
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增175Please respect copyright.PENANAg757wk6ZyM
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅175Please respect copyright.PENANAkr8tkZBzJD
不過俾斯麥之所以要全歐洲甚至連殖民地都冇嘅國家都叫埋嚟開會175Please respect copyright.PENANAOhSviPHqy8
目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國175Please respect copyright.PENANADBCEqNik5M
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場175Please respect copyright.PENANAradDxypgoB
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上175Please respect copyright.PENANAFSCkZIV8WB
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅175Please respect copyright.PENANAOklrIYvitC
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外175Please respect copyright.PENANAL3aFbkMV2S
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地175Please respect copyright.PENANAEcMsTphuXo
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地175Please respect copyright.PENANAANbRTRIPDk
都劃晒畀佢175Please respect copyright.PENANATgi9aqOJoE
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊175Please respect copyright.PENANAeCyoTqyJDo
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表175Please respect copyright.PENANA6LjTHPTvqf
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇175Please respect copyright.PENANAC9h6p8GfP5
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話175Please respect copyright.PENANAsLqzny9lOf
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦175Please respect copyright.PENANAfX5BdwJSji
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?175Please respect copyright.PENANAsgiUiimWb2
唔係㗎嘛175Please respect copyright.PENANAJoh9W930rm
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制175Please respect copyright.PENANAQp58XiNCVv
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度175Please respect copyright.PENANAEhNhVGqsh5
以剛果河口為例175Please respect copyright.PENANAtn7jqCdipy
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制175Please respect copyright.PENANAnwO0aSoooC
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件175Please respect copyright.PENANAvBmHSWqirp
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎175Please respect copyright.PENANARMHwQut5Hu
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會175Please respect copyright.PENANAopEWPVTxmX
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉175Please respect copyright.PENANADj3Srekpf2
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議175Please respect copyright.PENANAOCjVSXBd0P
支持佢爭取剛果河口175Please respect copyright.PENANACpPJ8c6k4k
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面175Please respect copyright.PENANAQz84HXNjmu
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒175Please respect copyright.PENANAHazoROtppe
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話175Please respect copyright.PENANAdereH1MA9g
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜175Please respect copyright.PENANAqZWDbpZ1Et
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”175Please respect copyright.PENANAr9mo7KKN0q
是為非洲版過三關175Please respect copyright.PENANAAAcW9hw2Xm
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難175Please respect copyright.PENANA3317IWnQnd
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話175Please respect copyright.PENANAJziZfRbblF
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”175Please respect copyright.PENANA15Jetlm1Y5
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話175Please respect copyright.PENANAP2oFxuNlNS
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友175Please respect copyright.PENANAKm6k3pMg50
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己175Please respect copyright.PENANA9Q9QeQxmBd
轉向支持國際剛果協會175Please respect copyright.PENANAXcFfKdMeGB
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口175Please respect copyright.PENANA2lCswl7KfY
獲得完全嘅外交勝利175Please respect copyright.PENANAZ9NMS5Pm4M
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割175Please respect copyright.PENANA0CUhUXFDVS
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土175Please respect copyright.PENANAbiClLLI1tM
自始成為一塊飛地175Please respect copyright.PENANA6XgAZf3nrO往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判175Please respect copyright.PENANAnq5W7KH0ct
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈175Please respect copyright.PENANAs6jyxNSpO7
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦175Please respect copyright.PENANAfdpdR7E00g
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞175Please respect copyright.PENANAuimHbSr0tC
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦175Please respect copyright.PENANARiB0X63ZPH
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等175Please respect copyright.PENANAtW6u2xya0Q
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生175Please respect copyright.PENANAq0OYt9kkuA
冇錯175Please respect copyright.PENANAlxan55M8im
唔只你地175Please respect copyright.PENANAFmGUjbJW62
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜175Please respect copyright.PENANAPurPjHCFhe
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言175Please respect copyright.PENANAoXVwHzWFj3
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」175Please respect copyright.PENANAVzJtXhtyYB
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地175Please respect copyright.PENANA1FCBGp6gWF
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割175Please respect copyright.PENANAYdIhvHYqvP
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益175Please respect copyright.PENANAU1HSaF4z6V
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼175Please respect copyright.PENANA5v9SckYZ7B
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦175Please respect copyright.PENANAdoyFNNqqYn
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅175Please respect copyright.PENANAdHMCcnTCm3
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界175Please respect copyright.PENANAYGgWXDgyTM
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊175Please respect copyright.PENANAUBzDaROwKf
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家175Please respect copyright.PENANAI70nTwCO3u
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭175Please respect copyright.PENANA0dSE3De4ci
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併175Please respect copyright.PENANAQxYnNhA0kO
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動175Please respect copyright.PENANA0jbeMPuAWa
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機175Please respect copyright.PENANAdZdVmO9KxN
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事175Please respect copyright.PENANAt4mCo6w3YD
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講175Please respect copyright.PENANAEIcQzacQIk
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到175Please respect copyright.PENANAEntnliEs2J
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割175Please respect copyright.PENANAhdZ87T6zKH
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇175Please respect copyright.PENANAxZQ9O2OR1m
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”175Please respect copyright.PENANAXKhsOguIag
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸175Please respect copyright.PENANANnCth2bxs7
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”175Please respect copyright.PENANAPonTfWKxym
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”175Please respect copyright.PENANAT250bvDtpp
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地175Please respect copyright.PENANA4wFggOH5IZ
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區175Please respect copyright.PENANAjpIsya86HX
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部175Please respect copyright.PENANAqZE4XiUGmn
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地175Please respect copyright.PENANACtrIdtG6hW
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講175Please respect copyright.PENANAs8KIMu4o9x
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先175Please respect copyright.PENANAKaSa05Hl3f
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦175Please respect copyright.PENANASI7tmx27tT
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵175Please respect copyright.PENANAS7aSETU2xn
不過喺嗰時175Please respect copyright.PENANApe94i2h3iD
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架175Please respect copyright.PENANAmwalDhFnYJ
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕175Please respect copyright.PENANAGUmZk49ile
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中175Please respect copyright.PENANAiYI3kfOuY3
一步步拆解分岐175Please respect copyright.PENANAzI4Og5EUOG
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案175Please respect copyright.PENANAk98jJ6K9up
唔使動輒就要打要殺175Please respect copyright.PENANAUsw7NMBcFa
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸175Please respect copyright.PENANAon57ljUjrY
以發展佢嘅經濟175Please respect copyright.PENANAfc2qGms9jg
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士175Please respect copyright.PENANASNxp8pgmO1
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體175Please respect copyright.PENANAT5MlC9EgYN
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅175Please respect copyright.PENANA4xiBxd4fpB
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲175Please respect copyright.PENANA2m1JtE2r2w
終究有落幕嘅一日175Please respect copyright.PENANAZfyTy2nr7X
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時175Please respect copyright.PENANAVUy5kyWPXj
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡175Please respect copyright.PENANAqKBf0xcAhD
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇175Please respect copyright.PENANACF5QEoKnS7
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶175Please respect copyright.PENANAlKldVqspDR
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦175Please respect copyright.PENANAeGR2VpSmpb
1890年3月22號175Please respect copyright.PENANAB7m2jSetMF
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由175Please respect copyright.PENANAQOeLl5PFnd
迫令佢辭職175Please respect copyright.PENANAsJfcAijHwe
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台175Please respect copyright.PENANAHubaEOz7Tg
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解175Please respect copyright.PENANAMUpsA7GiDp
對列強嚟講175Please respect copyright.PENANAAIyfAh7Po2
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴175Please respect copyright.PENANAGwcyYWU8iA
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈175Please respect copyright.PENANAHHjqGVzVKH
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾175Please respect copyright.PENANAAjkihPeqYw
最終走向大戰⋯⋯175Please respect copyright.PENANAlYhuWcanAj
有時不禁會諗175Please respect copyright.PENANA78OKey4qgh
最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎175Please respect copyright.PENANAuCTzX4iYnI
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國175Please respect copyright.PENANAFXyskKRrsv
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對175Please respect copyright.PENANA1TaVwVfkBE
歷史會唔會改寫呢?175Please respect copyright.PENANAw7DCKDXGiC
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?175Please respect copyright.PENANAWJig9Eh0MA共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?175Please respect copyright.PENANAbf0V75led4
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我175Please respect copyright.PENANAtevD7uyVnr
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
175Please respect copyright.PENANAxueQs53Jxf
-完-
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