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一分鐘都仲係得嗰60秒284Please respect copyright.PENANAIS2ndkEvgF
大家有冇諗過係咩原因呢?284Please respect copyright.PENANAQOxbnIu91i
今日就用呢一杯Gin & Tonic284Please respect copyright.PENANAWVODeSfT9M
同大家講吓呢個喺各大討論區久唔久都會問嘅問題284Please respect copyright.PENANAm4fkrvpyls
首先要簡單講講個時代背景先284Please respect copyright.PENANA6uoGqycANS
自蒙古冧檔鄂圖曼崛起後284Please respect copyright.PENANARPjJoogxWR
通向東方嘅貿易路線就咁畀班異教徒壟斷咗284Please respect copyright.PENANAENbNrVWa53
運往歐洲嘅香料茶葉以至各式各樣嘅東方商品284Please respect copyright.PENANAB2Hakve2zx
買少見少之餘亦都水漲船高284Please respect copyright.PENANAxmPF4hMlIb
其中畀人食水食得最甘嘅284Please respect copyright.PENANA1TneDbrLPG
就係距離中東最遠歐洲最西邊嗰兩隻牙284Please respect copyright.PENANAePyd7CEvDq
喺咁大嘅經濟誘因下284Please respect copyright.PENANArBNxmtz9Vl
呢對牙就踏上尋找繞過中東直奔遠東之路喇
首先傳嚟“好消息”嘅係西班牙284Please respect copyright.PENANAjggAsM08IX
1493年3月15日星期五中午 284Please respect copyright.PENANADYIcsuE4oP
哥倫布同佢捉返嚟嗰幾個“印度人”喺西班牙嘅帕洛斯港登岸284Please respect copyright.PENANAnEhzhX99lW
斐迪南同伊莎貝拉嗰兩公婆梗係開心到癲啦284Please respect copyright.PENANA0K2q2AEsEt
西班牙國王斐迪南同王后伊莎貝拉接見哥倫布284Please respect copyright.PENANA5k9BbOqV8P
跟住葡萄牙亦傳嚟捷報284Please respect copyright.PENANAaFs6Nei9BR
華士古·達伽馬喺1498年繞過非洲最南端嘅好望角到達印度嘅西岸284Please respect copyright.PENANAJ3IfSXNR3u
從此葡萄牙就連上咗本身已經非常蓬勃嘅印度洋貿易網284Please respect copyright.PENANAzzyI8dkCTP
開始大國崛起之路喇(好似係)
事情就梗係唔會咁一帆風順啦284Please respect copyright.PENANAWxBBF4Wy3v
意大利航海家亞美利哥·韋斯普奇喺1506年到達南美洲最南面嘅巴塔哥尼亞284Please respect copyright.PENANADSClZTsT8D
證實咗哥倫布搵到嘅唔係亞洲而係全新嘅大陸284Please respect copyright.PENANAdj7X8tDq1N
(佢個名“Amerigo”亦都成為呢塊新大陸嘅名“America”)284Please respect copyright.PENANAaQz1H9YSLa
咁既然唔係亞洲284Please respect copyright.PENANAHayxfAt1yx
自然就唔會有好似胡椒肉桂呢啲比黃金仲值錢嘅香料284Please respect copyright.PENANAkKyKPXoY4b
好彩呢度啲生番唔知點解有好多黃金白銀284Please respect copyright.PENANAvQ1KdnbMVB
唉唔理喇殺晒班生番攞晒啲黃金先再講啦284Please respect copyright.PENANATWGktSy8Qf
就係咁喺槍炮同病毒嘅幫助下284Please respect copyright.PENANAxlTL9mfA37
美洲三大帝國同佢地九成以上嘅國民就灰飛煙滅喇284Please respect copyright.PENANA6MyIOo51lh
不過當人又殺晒金又攞盡時284Please respect copyright.PENANAdUPNCU0biM
西班牙佬面對咁大撻殖民地284Please respect copyright.PENANANNox3XI5cm
日常管理開墾探索全部都要人力財力284Please respect copyright.PENANABG9SEOvAgH
攞到咁多地反而成為咗負累284Please respect copyright.PENANAuPK0RGIEWv
第一代日不落帝國最頂盛時期版圖284Please respect copyright.PENANAKDx31SIOy9
西班牙國王菲臘二世喺葡萄牙王位繼承戰贏咗284Please respect copyright.PENANAK2Wz69O8kp
吞埋葡萄牙啲殖民地(除咗澳門)
至於葡萄牙情況都唔好得幾多284Please respect copyright.PENANAsCIzcUM7iz
雖然繞過鄂圖曼直接同東方交易284Please respect copyright.PENANAPObU4trr03
可以食少幾浸中間人抽水284Please respect copyright.PENANAnEM7nz8cUj
不過來回里斯本至印度西岸果亞嘅航線長度284Please respect copyright.PENANARNNfae1rL6
同環繞赤道一周差唔多284Please respect copyright.PENANAUqwE4JwT0e
成個航程好彩嘅就一年鬆啲284Please respect copyright.PENANA2needZv5nX
萬一有咩阻滯284Please respect copyright.PENANA7qo83no1WM
船隊趕唔切喺8月尾前趕到赤道284Please respect copyright.PENANAqA8yafHrBW
食唔到最後嗰浸由東非吹向印度嘅季候風呢284Please respect copyright.PENANANmHCn0Tjxn
就仆得街喇284Please respect copyright.PENANAFqXTAXxB1B
成隊船要喺東非呆等半年284Please respect copyright.PENANA6IE6EvAmSj
到下一年嘅春季起風先行得284Please respect copyright.PENANA8AtTckQ8f5
跟住去到印度又要等到冬天284Please respect copyright.PENANAJcZKuTmhko
啲季候風先會轉向吹去東非284Please respect copyright.PENANAtU8ciJMVbQ
前前後後成個航程會耽誤多足足一年284Please respect copyright.PENANArkMC7afeOy
而航程咁長咁耐真係咩事都可以發生284Please respect copyright.PENANAC14jktxFh3
成程船又要驚風暴擱淺284Please respect copyright.PENANAKilo8gZVTG
又要驚海盜、壞血病等等等等284Please respect copyright.PENANA33rjN8Qorb
(達伽馬第一次到達印度嘅航程,177個水手就有122個死於壞血病,包括佢個親兄弟)284Please respect copyright.PENANAat7Ad6TYLm
另外非洲沿岸設置大大小小上百個補給點同貿易站嘅防守維護開支284Please respect copyright.PENANA2qnlVpPQOq
加上佢個強鄰兼死敵西班牙又處處圍堵追擊284Please respect copyright.PENANAT0Na1SL7Jf
呢啲嘢加加埋埋都幾係嘢284Please respect copyright.PENANAwM0DDwVezE
對葡萄牙呢個小國嚟講284Please respect copyright.PENANAQxiwg7URDt
印度洋貿易呢嚿肥豬肉284Please respect copyright.PENANAwHrOcZEC1x
就算食到都消化不良啦284Please respect copyright.PENANAgry2zqovHl
15世紀葡萄牙喺非洲沿岸建立嘅貿易站284Please respect copyright.PENANArHVfAnfAQJ
成個印度洋嘅貿易航線完全取決於唔同時節嘅季候風向284Please respect copyright.PENANAvARecCezeR
就咁睇呢種新興嘅殖民事業都幾惡搞284Please respect copyright.PENANAdcJ9ciH5pY
不過正所謂辦法總比困難多284Please respect copyright.PENANA8U4XeZ9HZ2
呢對歡喜冤家都不約而同望向同一個地方:284Please respect copyright.PENANAeZEnN9CRl8
非洲
當初搞咁多嘢284Please respect copyright.PENANAoweB88JvNd
目的都係想得到香料茶葉甘蔗呢啲歐洲種唔到嘅農作物啫284Please respect copyright.PENANAq9EcbjoBn6
咁既然新大陸嘅氣候同東方咁接近284Please respect copyright.PENANAZmbU95adI5
話唔定可以攞嚟種番呢啲農產品㗎喎284Please respect copyright.PENANAN0zTwqOx48
雖然成個美洲啲生番都死得八八九九冇晒勞動力284Please respect copyright.PENANA6w4Dd30OpB
不過非洲啲黑鬼個個都大大隻隻咁284Please respect copyright.PENANAtNm1Nu7ZJn
運啲過去美洲種嘢唔係就fit晒喇咩284Please respect copyright.PENANAD5LiXTpXUq
美洲有耕地284Please respect copyright.PENANAd5Mtyo9gxU
非洲有人力284Please respect copyright.PENANAVyB5Gb0Fs2
而歐洲就有槍炮、需求同野心284Please respect copyright.PENANAGrREf2QPDa
就咁喺1525年歐洲人開始喺非洲捉啲黑鬼過美洲種嘢同開礦284Please respect copyright.PENANAlL3mBOdwJQ
然後將各類原材料運返去歐洲加工賺錢284Please respect copyright.PENANAKetsv9uKeX
再用啲錢嚟請人買武器去非洲捉更多嘅黑鬼284Please respect copyright.PENANAxkQfgsI23d
西班牙同葡萄牙開始賺取佢地以往無法想像嘅錢284Please respect copyright.PENANA6LVsNjgE7E
英國、法國、荷蘭、瑞典等等傳統同新興強國284Please respect copyright.PENANAIKUcfLEGbe
見到咁好賺就梗係叉隻腳埋嚟啦284Please respect copyright.PENANAk5NolgaQaB
隨住呢種名為“三角貿易”嘅經濟模式盛行284Please respect copyright.PENANA0QUHsIjrz0
各國加速佔據非洲沿岸嘅各個河口海灣284Please respect copyright.PENANAp5eHkz3a48
務求搶奪更多嘅黑奴284Please respect copyright.PENANA10ApxWhkU7
由此激發各國投入人力物力284Please respect copyright.PENANAgcTn6wcktH
研究更先進更精密嘅航海儀器284Please respect copyright.PENANA9EHd1xJXSR
製造更多更大更快武裝更強嘅船284Please respect copyright.PENANAoEkkGhpfgv
西方科技自始得到長足嘅發展284Please respect copyright.PENANACwQr99UnTu
天文學、機械工程、物流、金融等等等等284Please respect copyright.PENANAGBbLC6K7T7
如果文藝復興係人類脫離愚昧嘅開端嘅話284Please respect copyright.PENANAT4ni9C2ne6
咁壯闊波瀾嘅“大航海時代”就係現代文明嘅奠基石喇
三角貿易284Please respect copyright.PENANA2Ycugjp0aF
250年間有超過兩千萬黑鬼運咗去美洲284Please respect copyright.PENANA9n7e69myJT為日後BLM埋下伏線
睇到呢度284Please respect copyright.PENANAdjhhVwR9mp
相信各位聰明嘅小朋友都會有個疑問:284Please respect copyright.PENANAuhyfZBeEOu
乜非洲冇地畀佢地種嘢咩?284Please respect copyright.PENANA214AqWvKq4
做乜嗰時啲歐洲佬咁撚笨柒284Please respect copyright.PENANAZoJAYVmpmZ
要山長水遠由非洲運啲黑鬼過美洲呀284Please respect copyright.PENANAUPyZKL4yRn
呢樣正正就係今集要講嘅嘢284Please respect copyright.PENANANs3qfoLCZ7
歷史係由一連串唔相關嘅偶然所組成284Please respect copyright.PENANAlNHiKgLiI8
而家就講講喺17世紀一場教宗選舉284Please respect copyright.PENANAXdyWoNBJWg
同一個喺南美安第斯山脈雨林嘅科學發現284Please respect copyright.PENANAtqLkyoGeTv
係點樣喺非洲引發一場持續百年嘅風暴
1623年7月8號教宗額我略十五世病逝享年69歲284Please respect copyright.PENANAyxEQRdDBYR
哦唔緊要咁咪選過個囉284Please respect copyright.PENANA7o9CH2G88A
於是由54個樞機組成嘅樞機團284Please respect copyright.PENANAHtoCBxjLrB
喺7月16號舉行教宗選舉秘密會議284Please respect copyright.PENANAiFpgJgpULL
準備選出新教宗喇284Please respect copyright.PENANArOxTxaamIj
大公教樞機團選老坐示意圖284Please respect copyright.PENANA58EeHz3L9E
自16世紀起284Please respect copyright.PENANAxxiLK12uVk
呢個小圈子選舉284Please respect copyright.PENANA11zosuo8V5
就畀波旁同哈布斯堡呢兩個大公教勢力操控284Please respect copyright.PENANAS5AEmZc7vr
啲樞機會根據自己家族嘅利益284Please respect copyright.PENANA1ATNKOyyye
大致分為親法國同親西班牙兩大陣營284Please respect copyright.PENANATV4tO5tuZC
每次選辦事人時都會拗得面紅耳赤284Please respect copyright.PENANArXXevkE9OZ
有時仲會大打出手284Please respect copyright.PENANA8uBqXT3YSk
好似1605年3月嗰次284Please respect copyright.PENANAB23THoWObg
就有個樞機開會時畀人開拖打斷咗幾條骨284Please respect copyright.PENANAJWyxveSZU8
今次個競爭一樣係咁激烈284Please respect copyright.PENANAhGm6lLi2Jw
不過呢個唔係今集重點284Please respect copyright.PENANAsaaJL4MduS
所以就唔花太多篇幅去講喇284Please respect copyright.PENANAnb9gLb1Pu8
我直接講個結果:284Please respect copyright.PENANAuh6Z6MJU5L
半死嘅馬費奧·巴貝里尼當選為第235任教宗284Please respect copyright.PENANARweHNzY6TM
法號伍朋八世284Please respect copyright.PENANApXQceapBEc
而成場選舉最後死咗8個樞機同30個神職人員284Please respect copyright.PENANA9n8n4lH5ex
…284Please respect copyright.PENANA6kczLLm0GT
..284Please respect copyright.PENANAVBvcymWhcr
.284Please respect copyright.PENANAZMXw156RZY
開個會啫唔使死吓嘛???284Please respect copyright.PENANAqVoAuqju7D
咩事搞到咁大壇呀?
伍朋八世
班老嘢就梗係唔係玩往死裏打咁激動啦284Please respect copyright.PENANAj7wLhzERyV
佢地其實係病死嘅284Please respect copyright.PENANAIMsoD9N5tp
喺呢度要教大家一個中世紀意大利名詞
"Mal'Aria"
直譯就係"bad air""腐敗嘅空氣"284Please respect copyright.PENANA4R7LKiGTk0
即係現代所講嘅"瘧疾(Malaria)"喇284Please respect copyright.PENANAdJ0Qzt9oRf
舊時啲人唔知瘧疾係由蚊傳播284Please respect copyright.PENANA2zrhcD3M4B
佢地只係知每當天氣熱時284Please respect copyright.PENANAOAL5YjTPCC
沼澤腐爛動植物嘅氣味284Please respect copyright.PENANAuVMeAkV1lW
係會令人發燒同病死284Please respect copyright.PENANAKZk3X5vVht
呢個就係"Malaria"呢個字嘅由來喇
中國古籍記載喺嶺南雲貴川地區嘅"瘴氣"其實都係指瘧疾284Please respect copyright.PENANApj6mCKJdom
呢個係唔同文化嘅人觀察自然現象有共通之處嘅其中一個例子
自古羅馬帝國喺布匿戰爭消滅北非嘅迦太基後284Please respect copyright.PENANAJNnm5uEWgU
羅馬士兵就將迦太基城入面嘅金銀財寶男女戰俘284Please respect copyright.PENANAdSFgYDzj2Z
以及戰俘身體入面嘅瘧疾病原體284Please respect copyright.PENANAndc8nbaYKW
帶返去羅馬本土喇284Please respect copyright.PENANAMRb4Kqxb4E
羅馬城本身係建築喺台伯河嘅沼澤地帶284Please respect copyright.PENANAFWFh4MlmNU
帶有瘧疾嘅蚊正好喺呢啲地方大量繁殖284Please respect copyright.PENANAzkFmgZVVMK
再經羅馬帝國發達嘅公路網傳遍歐洲各地284Please respect copyright.PENANAsJVeSPiAfP
自此瘧疾就好似迦太基亡靈施加喺羅馬嘅詛咒一樣284Please respect copyright.PENANAcpDwMkGf1r
每年夏天炎熱潮濕時284Please respect copyright.PENANA843JYCj1FC
呢個持續上千年嘅詛咒都會出嚟索命284Please respect copyright.PENANAjoP69bsAKf
額我略十五世唔遲唔早284Please respect copyright.PENANAtABLtnWeTZ
啱啱好就喺羅馬城最熱最潮濕嘅季節釘蓋284Please respect copyright.PENANAJC9cA2Lf3w
今次算班樞機唔好彩喇284Please respect copyright.PENANAwsVhTi7FCm
同樣中招病到半死嘅伍朋八世284Please respect copyright.PENANABI0EdieuDY
見到咁多同佢一樣本身位高權重嘅樞機蒙主寵召284Please respect copyright.PENANAGUyp5UIeAD
梗係嚇到鼻哥窿都冇肉啦284Please respect copyright.PENANAV9UHvTVAAw
佢下令要根治呢種沼澤毒氣所引發嘅疾病284Please respect copyright.PENANAIWqiZ1tWWA
咁嗰時計呢隻嘢都已經成千年歷史284Please respect copyright.PENANAhx2gSU2Wcz
當然唔會係阿教宗話要根治就根治到啦284Please respect copyright.PENANACW3fRxKDh4
中世紀時啲醫生醫瘧疾284Please respect copyright.PENANAxHpGzu2iMb
都係用好似放血呀截肢呀呢啲聽落似酷刑多啲嘅方法284Please respect copyright.PENANA4GSBftqvf2
真係唔醫好過醫284Please respect copyright.PENANABRyWGJZmB7
不過喺呢個大航海時代284Please respect copyright.PENANA2C5vYCCFdN
的確提供咗更多更好嘅可能性畀佢284Please respect copyright.PENANAyf8qA8DZCq
16世紀起284Please respect copyright.PENANAbRpZ3BV0CZ
耶穌會嘅傳教士跟隨住西班牙同葡萄牙嘅艦隊284Please respect copyright.PENANAGPzSy1V7rV
去到美洲﹑非洲以至亞洲284Please respect copyright.PENANAOohuDmEIVm
大量教廷嘅爪牙深入各地擴張教廷嘅影響力傳播上帝嘅愛284Please respect copyright.PENANADsszKtNf5m
呢啲傳教士並唔係普通嘅人284Please respect copyright.PENANAWxweeNgVHR
嗰時嘅神學同而家嘅醫科﹑精算一樣284Please respect copyright.PENANAEw7eJfzj9q
都係最炙手可熱嘅科目284Please respect copyright.PENANAvzOxoGzYSb
讀得嘅都係社會上最精英嗰批人材284Please respect copyright.PENANANGxqfvEWuo
派得出去傳教嘅更加係精英中嘅精英284Please respect copyright.PENANANUabLVUUSs
呢啲咁聰明嘅腦袋去到世界唔同嘅角落284Please respect copyright.PENANAo9gAXABLtp
當然就唔會甘於淨係傳教咁簡單啦284Please respect copyright.PENANABi3W7S99Qj
佢地藉呢個機會研究唔同地方嘅風土人情284Please respect copyright.PENANAqQIryW9nP2
地理﹑生物學﹑語言學﹑醫藥....284Please respect copyright.PENANAZ1dvr4GkZ0
西方嘅眼界再唔局限喺歐亞大陸284Please respect copyright.PENANAOaV8BV9uy8
喺呢個地理大發現時代284Please respect copyright.PENANAbNg459Bw4g
呢啲耶撚的確佔咗一個相當重要嘅位置284Please respect copyright.PENANA1wnGwntfow
呢個故事嘅主要成份284Please respect copyright.PENANA5TaJfi06VX
就係由呢班耶撚所發現㗎喇
間返返去十七世紀初284Please respect copyright.PENANAlukTSd1yad
地點係秘魯總督區嘅首府利馬284Please respect copyright.PENANAAhPArVJBQY
自1535年西班牙佬征服呢度嘅印加人後284Please respect copyright.PENANABAZZ1vlzEf
呢塊位處於安第斯山脈同太平洋之間嘅沃土284Please respect copyright.PENANAtHECamnnzZ
就畀西班牙殖民者建立起一個又一個嘅果園﹑酒莊同農場284Please respect copyright.PENANAE4WjchzsFd
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不過如果冇事冇幹純粹食嚟預防中招嘅話呢?284Please respect copyright.PENANAjZNG2z0D0e
就唔同咁講喇284Please respect copyright.PENANA0GIGnC9OJM
要班盲字都唔識多隻嘅大兵284Please respect copyright.PENANA1dg922SH6T
每日食啲苦到可以當催吐劑嘅藥粉284Please respect copyright.PENANANUIA2Akwzs
去“預防”一種佢地未經歷過嘅疾病284Please respect copyright.PENANA5YgJu39E5N
服從性有幾高可想而知284Please respect copyright.PENANABxNcktaky3
雖然中咗瘧疾都會有藥醫284Please respect copyright.PENANANSlFyTAUIW
不過成個殖民地枕住有一堆士兵臥病在床嘅話284Please respect copyright.PENANAw5MdwdJYZD
咁對本身已經好甘嘅殖民地維護開支嚟講284Please respect copyright.PENANApRgPNELOYo
無疑係甘上加甘284Please respect copyright.PENANATHHelnLY9c
要知道各國喺瘧疾預防上可謂大灑金錢284Please respect copyright.PENANAd5EWJntz5n
例如英國每年就使咗超過£60,000284Please respect copyright.PENANARRFNwzdlGC
即係折合現時大概七千幾萬港紙喺預防性奎寧配給度284Please respect copyright.PENANA6Zqk7BfPpv
錢就使咗效果又冇284Please respect copyright.PENANAglaixkGchW
咁點搞?284Please respect copyright.PENANA8g0ps4fJ5F
“嗚...條女冇咗lu...”284Please respect copyright.PENANAjb8RUDvPAQ
法國“勸喻”殖民地士兵每日服用奎寧嘅海報
英國人喺印度搵到答案284Please respect copyright.PENANA7zchf0NuUp
作為糖嘅發源地284Please respect copyright.PENANAGcdfRHdcky
印度人用糖嘅程度超乎常人想像284Please respect copyright.PENANAVcDKbR6tyF
(食過印度甜品都會知點解)
喺1850年左右284Please respect copyright.PENANAGHzimcEZKa
英國東印度公司駐孟買嘅軍官284Please respect copyright.PENANACXlT5Kmiwx
開始流行一種服用奎寧嘅方法:284Please respect copyright.PENANAghLcKDmpGY
佢地將每日配給到嘅奎寧284Please respect copyright.PENANAeUjrZdMhpj
溶入高濃度糖水284Please respect copyright.PENANAbgo8303Ud8
再加啲檸檬汁同檸檬皮284Please respect copyright.PENANAXJocQ611Dc
製成風味獨特嘅奎寧糖漿284Please respect copyright.PENANA10G1pqt2Gq
將呢啲糖漿稀釋成合適嘅甜度284Please respect copyright.PENANAQNRF75Vmcs
就成為現今湯力水(Tonic water)嘅雛形喇284Please respect copyright.PENANA9m1RKYWUxw
啲軍官再進一步284Please respect copyright.PENANA2jCL1tpnAp
用呢啲湯力水勾兌當時平到可以當水飲嘅氈酒284Please respect copyright.PENANAzVgQxM7D8q
一款苦中帶甜、清新爽口嘅雞尾酒就誕生喇
284Please respect copyright.PENANAsu6vAVrX9x
用氈酒嚟溝湯力水可以話係神來之筆284Please respect copyright.PENANAb2POZbqkS4
法國人曾經試過用紅酒284Please respect copyright.PENANAWUMRG80oer
不過溝出嚟嘅味道好怪284Please respect copyright.PENANABR0e2Xb1f1
只係似加咗糖而帶強烈苦澀味嘅藥水284Please respect copyright.PENANAFAb19Mkf0t
味道完全唔融和284Please respect copyright.PENANACWPOrrXg1F
而平價嘅氈酒出奇地掩蓋到奎寧嘅苦味284Please respect copyright.PENANALcFmZJezcC
後來研究發現284Please respect copyright.PENANAX4P0iIyNOl
原來係氈酒入面杜松子嘅成份284Please respect copyright.PENANAcjD2ELipkZ
同奎寧結合成聚合體284Please respect copyright.PENANAC5Kyzv171v
大幅改變奎寧嘅味道284Please respect copyright.PENANA7GFiMemQkh
呢個偶然嘅發現284Please respect copyright.PENANARVAlnoGkKp
都可以當做呢篇非洲血淚史嘅一個小小嘅註腳嘅
呢款充滿異國風情、被稱為“Gin & Tonic”嘅雞尾酒即時大受歡迎284Please respect copyright.PENANApShRLO1dAd
佢嘅配方通過水手同退役歸國嘅官兵284Please respect copyright.PENANAlJbhR0BP3G
傳遍各殖民地以至歐陸各國嘅酒吧284Please respect copyright.PENANAqBcdEi5rue
一時間奎寧就由難以下嚥嘅苦藥284Please respect copyright.PENANAytae1nlox2
變成社交場合必備嘅飲品284Please respect copyright.PENANA4FJ0RSW66k
湯力水受歡迎嘅程度284Please respect copyright.PENANA0Twkpmufg7
甚至開始有公司改良同製作商業產品284Please respect copyright.PENANAcUdt6rbVA5
好似發明樽裝梳打水嘅Schweppes(玉泉)284Please respect copyright.PENANAxuqL2vMdsL
就喺1870年將奎寧糖漿加入樽裝梳打水284Please respect copyright.PENANAzLqbWLiQlV
成為方便攜帶飲用嘅有汽湯力水284Please respect copyright.PENANAkcNNDBkV0B
唔同時期嘅Schweppes湯力水樽
奎寧的確拯救咗好多英國以至歐洲人嘅命284Please respect copyright.PENANAXgY39aQzrk
例如喺1875年284Please respect copyright.PENANAXWZGaUjlfI
英軍喺塞拉利昂嘅死亡率284Please respect copyright.PENANAf58zt8zlkd
已經跌到去1.5%284Please respect copyright.PENANArd1EpaQ3WJ
不過正所謂每個銀仔都有兩面284Please respect copyright.PENANATqcpv2dGpX
下集會講吓284Please respect copyright.PENANAgpmMBw9z2A
呢隻邱吉爾口中所講救人無數嘅聖藥284Please respect copyright.PENANA5D09lvQowI
係點樣改寫無數非洲人嘅命運284Please respect copyright.PENANAsNcDsGPHs8284Please respect copyright.PENANA7sfTCJSEBf